The Passionate Pilgrim
Text Background
The Passionate Pilgrim is a Miscellany of 20 poems brought together and printed by William Jaggard as a publishing 'potboiler' in two editions in 1599 under the name of W. Shakespeare.

It includes: 1. Items I and II Pirated versions of two of Shakespeare's sonnets (138, 144) 2. Items III, V, and XVI Three poetic extracts from Love's Labour's Lost (IV.3.56--69, 2.101--14, 3.96--115) 3. Poems by Richard Barnfield, Bartholomew Griffin, and various unnamed writers. Only five poems are definitely by Shakespeare, and the quality of the remainder has gained them few supporters as candidates for his authorship; but they have traditionally been printed together.

Pirated' may seem to be a strong word, but this is the accusation made by Thomas Heywood in 1612, when Jaggard printed a third edition, also under Shakespeare's name, only this time including some of Heywood's poems.

In his Apologie for Actors (1612), Heywood complained about the 'manifest injury' done to himself by printing his poems in a lesse volume, vnder the name of another, which may put the world in opinion I might steale them from him; and hee to doe himselfe right, hath since published them in his owne name: but as I must acknowledge my lines not worthy his patronage, vnder whom he [Jaggard] hath publisht them, so the Author I know much offended with M. Jaggard (that altogether vnknowne to him) presumed to make so bold with his name.

Why did Jaggard do it? Shakespeare's other poems were selling very well - Venus and Adonis had fifth and sixth editions in 1599. There was money in poetry. But the criticism seems to have had an effect, for a title-page exists where Shakespeare's name has been removed.
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