A particularly productive kind of word-formation in Early Modern English was to use the adverbs here, there, and where as the first elements of compounds, the second element being a preposition, or occasionally another adverb.Not all the possible combinations are found in Shakespeare: the list below gives those which are present, in their chief meanings, some of which of course are still in use today (e.g. thereabouts, therefore).
|
+about
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereabout |
Oth V.i.57 |
I think that one of them is hereabout |
around here |
| hereabouts |
RJ V.i.38 |
I do remember an apothecary, / And hereabouts ’a dwells |
around here |
| thereabout |
Ham II.ii.445 |
[of a tale] thereabout of it especially when he speaks of Priam’s daughter |
about that part, concerning the matter |
| thereabouts |
AW IV.iii.171 |
Five or six thousand horse ... or thereabouts |
approximately, about that [place, number, time, etc] |
| whereabout |
Mac II.i.58 |
The very stones prate of my whereabout |
whereabouts |
| whereabout |
1H4 II.iii.107 |
I must not have you henceforth question me / Whither I go, nor reason whereabout |
about what, on what business |
+after
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereafter |
Cor III.ii.85 |
thou wilt frame / Thyself, forsooth, hereafter theirs |
after this, in time to come |
| thereafter |
2H4 III.ii.56 |
[Shallow] How a score of ewes now? [Silence] Thereafter as they be |
conforming to the matter |
+against
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| whereagainst |
Cor IV.v.110 |
that body, whereagainst / My grained ash an hundred times hath broke |
against which place |
+at
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| thereat |
KL IV.ii.75 |
[of a servant] bending his sword / To his great master; who, thereat enraged, / Flew on him |
thereupon, because of that |
| whereat |
Cor V.vi.134 |
Thou hast done a deed whereat valour will weep |
at which |
+by
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereby |
LLL I.ii.130 |
[Armado] I will visit thee at the lodge. [Jaquenetta] That’s hereby |
nearby, close by |
| hereby |
R3 I.iv.94 |
[of giving up Clarence] I will not reason what is meant hereby |
by this, from this circumstance |
| thereby |
AYL II.vii.48 |
And thereby hangs a tale |
by that, through that |
| whereby |
TS II.i.266 |
by this light whereby I see your beauty |
by which |
+fore
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| therefore |
Tem IV.i.22 |
Therefore take heed |
for that reason |
| wherefore |
KJ V.i.44 |
But wherefore do you droop? |
why |
+in
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| herein |
Ham II.ii.76 |
[of a paper] an entreaty, herein further shown |
in here, in this [matter/situation, etc] |
| therein |
Ham II.ii.79 |
[of a paper] such regards of safety and allowance / As therein are set down |
in there, in that [matter/situation, etc] |
| wherein |
Sonn 24.3 |
My body is the frame wherein ’tis held |
in which |
| wherein |
AYL III.ii.214 |
Wherein went he? [i.e. in what clothes] |
in what [condition, matter, etc] |
+into
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| whereinto |
Oth III.iii.136 |
where’s that palace whereinto foul things / Sometimes intrude not? |
in which |
+of
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereof |
TS IV.v.75 |
go along and see the truth hereof |
of this, concerning this |
| thereof |
R3 I.iii.307 |
I repent / My part thereof that I have done to her |
of that, concerning that |
| whereof |
TC I.iii.14 |
every action ... / Whereof we have record |
of which, about which |
| whereof |
Tim II.ii.175 |
The breath is gone whereof this praise is made |
by means of which,. through which |
+on
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| thereon |
3H6 III.iii.116 |
[of Edward being the true king] Thereon I pawn my credit and mine honour |
on that, upon that [place, subject, etc] |
| whereon |
Ham III.iv.125 |
Whereon do you look? |
on what |
| whereon |
Mac IV.i.137 |
Infected be the air whereon they ride |
on which |
| whereon |
Tem I.ii.127 |
Whereon, a treacherous army levied |
whereupon |
+out
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| whereout |
TC IV.v.245 |
I may give the local wound a name, / And make distinct the very breach whereout / Hector's great spirit flew |
out of which, from which |
+soever / somever
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| wheresoever, wheresoe’er |
MND II.ii.96 |
Happy is Hermia, wheresoe’er she lies |
wherever |
| wheresomever |
H5 II.iii.7 |
Would I were with him, wheresome’er he is |
wherever |
+through
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| wherethrough, where-through |
Sonn 24.11 |
windows to my breast, where-through the Sun / Delights to peep |
through which |
+to
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereto |
Cor II.ii.64 |
A kinder value of the people than / He hath hereto prized them at |
hitherto, up to this time |
| thereto |
TN V.i.83 |
His life I gave him, and did thereto add / My love |
besides, in addition |
| thereto |
H5 V.ii.90 |
Anything in or out of our demands, / And we’ll consign thereto |
to that [matter/place/time, etc] |
| whereto |
MND III.ii.256 |
whereto tends all this? |
in what/which direction |
| whereto |
Ham III.iii.46 |
Whereto serves mercy / But to confront the visage of offence? |
for what purpose, to what end |
| whereto |
KL V.iii.138 |
To prove upon thy heart, whereto I speak, / Thou liest |
to which |
+tofore
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| heretofore |
E3 I.i.46 |
my breast, / Which heretofore was racked in ignorance |
before now, formerly |
| wheretofore |
E3 IV.iii.49 |
And wheretofore I loved thee as Villiers, / Hereafter I’ll embrace thee as myself |
while until now |
+until [generally = unto]
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| whereuntil |
LLL V.ii.492 |
we know whereuntil it doth amount |
to which /what |
+unto
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| thereunto |
H8 I.iii.27 |
With all their honourable points of ignorance / Pertaining thereunto |
to that [place/matter, etc] |
| whereunto |
Cym III.iv.108 |
[of the court] whereunto I never / Purpose return |
to which |
+upon
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| hereupon |
LLL I.ii.56 |
I will hereupon confess I am in love |
upon this point, in relation to this matter |
| thereupon |
2H4 IV.ii.68 |
And thereupon I drink unto your grace |
upon that, on that basis |
| whereupon |
R2 II.ii.58 |
[on some being proclaimed traitors] whereupon the Earl of Worcester / Hath broken his staff |
for which reason, on which account |
| whereupon |
1H4 IV.iii.42 |
The King hath sent to know ... whereupon / You conjure from the breast of civil peace /Such bold hostility |
why, on what ground |
| whereupon |
Sonn 20.6 |
Gilding the object whereupon it gazeth |
upon which |
+with
| Item |
Location |
Example |
Gloss |
| therewith |
Oth I.ii.88 |
How may the Duke be therewith satisfied |
with that, along with that, by means of that |
| wherewith |
1H6 I.i.102 |
An army have I mustered in my thoughts / Wherewith already France is overrun |
with which / what |
HENCE, THENCE, AND WHENCE; HITHER, THITHER, AND WHITHER; YON WORDS